Unraveling the Differences Between Values and Basic Assumptions in Organizational Culture

In organizational culture, values and basic assumptions are two distinct yet interconnected elements that shape the behavior and practices within an organization. Understanding these differences is crucial for leaders and managers aiming to influence organizational culture effectively. Here’s a detailed exploration of how they differ:

The Role of Values

Values are the explicitly stated beliefs and principles that guide an organization’s actions and decision-making. They reflect what the organization considers important, making them observable and influential aspects of a culture.

Definition and Characteristics of Values

Definition: Values can be identified and communicated through mission statements, codes of conduct, or corporate philosophies.

Characteristics: They are observable and influential. Values influence behavior and can serve as a framework for evaluation, setting goals, and prioritizing actions. Examples include integrity, teamwork, innovation, customer focus, and sustainability.

The Role of Basic Assumptions

Basic assumptions are the deeply embedded, taken-for-granted behaviors that are usually unconscious but significantly influence how members of the organization perceive, think, and feel.

Definition and Characteristics of Basic Assumptions

Definition: These are often unspoken and may not be readily acknowledged or articulated. They are so ingrained that they are rarely questioned.

Characteristics: They are implicit, fundamental, and operate below the level of conscious awareness. Basic assumptions form the foundation upon which values and behaviors are built, shaping the organization's culture at a fundamental level.

Examples: Beliefs about human nature, such as whether people are inherently trustworthy; perceptions of relationships, such as competition vs. collaboration; and attitudes toward change, such as resistance to change.

Key Differences

Articulation: - Values can be explicitly stated and communicated. - Basic assumptions are often unspoken and taken for granted.

Awareness: - Members of the organization are generally aware of the values. - Basic assumptions operate below the level of conscious awareness.

Changeability: - Values can change relatively easily as organizations evolve. - Basic assumptions are more resistant to change due to their deep-seated nature.

Interaction Between the Two

Values can be seen as a reflection of the underlying basic assumptions. When an organization seeks to change its culture, it often requires addressing these basic assumptions. Simply changing stated values may not lead to meaningful change if the underlying assumptions remain intact.

Conclusion

Understanding both values and basic assumptions is crucial for leaders and managers aiming to influence organizational culture effectively. By recognizing the difference and interplay between these two elements, organizations can better navigate cultural change and align behaviors with their strategic goals.